Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - shock
Shock
shock
1. n. & v. --n. 1 a violent collision, impact, tremor, etc. 2 a sudden and disturbing effect on the emotions, physical reactions, etc. (the news was a great shock). 3 an acute state of prostration following a wound, pain, etc., esp. when much blood is lost (died of shock). 4 = electric shock. 5 a disturbance in stability causing fluctuations in an organization, monetary system, etc. --v. 1 tr. a affect with shock; horrify; outrage; disgust; sadden. b (absol.) cause shock. 2 tr. (esp. in passive) affect with an electric or pathological shock. 3 intr. experience shock (I don't shock easily). 4 intr. archaic collide violently. Phrases and idioms shock absorber a device on a vehicle etc. for absorbing shocks, vibrations, etc. shock-brigade (or -workers) a body of esp. voluntary workers in the USSR engaged in an especially arduous task. shock stall excessive strain produced by air resistance on an aircraft approaching the speed of sound. shock tactics 1 sudden and violent action. 2 Mil. a massed cavalry charge. shock therapy (or treatment) Psychol. a method of treating depressive patients by electric shock or drugs inducing coma and convulsions. shock troops troops specially trained for assault. shock wave a sharp change of pressure in a narrow region travelling through air etc. caused by explosion or by a body moving faster than sound. Derivatives shockable adj. shockability n. Etymology: F choc, choquer, of unkn. orig. 2. n. & v. --n. a group of usu. twelve corn-sheaves stood up with their heads together in a field. --v.tr. arrange (corn) in shocks. Etymology: ME, perh. repr. OE sc(e)oc (unrecorded) 3. n. an unkempt or shaggy mass of hair. Etymology: cf. obs. shock(-dog), earlier shough, shaggy-haired poodle
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1.
I. noun Etymology: Middle English; akin to Middle High German schoc heap Date: 14th century a pile of sheaves of grain or stalks of Indian corn set up in a field with the butt ends down, II. transitive verb Date: 15th century to collect into ~s, III. noun Usage: often attributive Etymology: Middle French choc, from choquer to strike against, from Old French choquier, probably of Germanic origin; akin to Middle Dutch schocken to jolt Date: 1565 the impact or encounter of individuals or groups in combat, 2. a violent shake or jar ; concussion, an effect of such violence, 3. a. a disturbance in the equilibrium or permanence of something, a sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance, something that causes such disturbance , a state of being so disturbed , a state of profound depression of the vital processes associated with reduced blood volume and pressure and caused usually by severe especially crushing injuries, hemorrhage, or burns, sudden stimulation of the nerves and convulsive contraction of the muscles caused by the discharge of electricity through the animal body, 6. stroke 5, coronary thrombosis, ~ absorber, see: impact IV. verb Date: 1656 transitive verb 1. to strike with surprise, terror, horror, or disgust, to cause to undergo a physical or nervous ~, to subject to the action of an electrical discharge, to drive by or as if by a ~, intransitive verb to meet with a ~ ; collide, to cause surprise or ~ , ~able adjective V. adjective Etymology: perhaps from 1~ Date: 1681 bushy, shaggy, VI. noun Date: 1819 a thick bushy mass (as of hair) ...Толковый словарь английского языка
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